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CVE-2025-4960

macOS Local Privilege Escalation via Improper Authorization Handling in EPSON Printer Controller Installer

High7.8EPSS 0.14%
Published
Updated
Reserved
Assigned by
Pentraze

Description

The com.epson.InstallNavi.helper tool, deployed with the EPSON printer driver installer, contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability due to multiple flaws in its implementation. It fails to properly authenticate clients over the XPC protocol and does not correctly enforce macOS’s authorization model, exposing privileged functionality to untrusted users. Although it invokes the AuthorizationCopyRights API, it does so using overly permissive custom rights that it registers in the system’s authorization database (/var/db/auth.db). These rights can be requested and granted by the authorization daemon to any local user, regardless of privilege level. As a result, an attacker can exploit the vulnerable service to perform privileged operations such as executing arbitrary commands or installing system components without requiring administrative credentials.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2025-4960, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
PentrazeCNA (assigner)3.1High7.8CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVDNVD · Deferred3.1High7.8CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.14% · top 97% of all CVEs (6 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
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The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 7.8.

Weakness

Affected products

References (2)

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .