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CVE-2025-52985

Junos OS Evolved: When a control-plane firewall filter refers to a prefix-list with more than 10 entries it's not matching

Medium6.9EPSS 0.30%
Published
Updated
Reserved
Assigned by
juniper

Description

A Use of Incorrect Operator vulnerability in the Routing Engine firewall of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to bypass security restrictions. When a firewall filter which is applied to the lo0 or re:mgmt interface references a prefix list with 'from prefix-list', and that prefix list contains more than 10 entries, the prefix list doesn't match and packets destined to or from the local device are not filtered. This issue affects firewall filters applied to the re:mgmt interfaces as input and output, but only affects firewall filters applied to the lo0 interface as output. This issue is applicable to IPv4 and IPv6 as a prefix list can contain IPv4 and IPv6 prefixes. This issue affects Junos OS Evolved: * 23.2R2-S3-EVO versions before 23.2R2-S4-EVO, * 23.4R2-S3-EVO versions before 23.4R2-S5-EVO, * 24.2R2-EVO versions before 24.2R2-S1-EVO, * 24.4-EVO versions before 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO. This issue doesn't affect Junos OS Evolved versions before 23.2R1-EVO.

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By juniper

  2. · 18 days later

    Published

  3. · 7 days later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2025-52985, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
juniperCNA (assigner)4.0Medium6.9CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
juniperCNA (assigner)3.1Medium5.3CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
NVDNVD · Analyzed4.0Medium6.9CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.30% · top 77% of all CVEs (7 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: none · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial
Loading the EPSS history…

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Medium 6.9.

Weakness

Affected products

  • Juniper Networks · Junos OS Evolved

    • affected 23.2R2-S3-EVO – < 23.2R2-S4-EVO
    • affected 23.4R2-S3-EVO – < 23.4R2-S5-EVO
    • affected 24.2R2-EVO – < 24.2R2-S1-EVO
    • affected 24.4-EVO – < 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO

What to do

Solution: The following software releases have been updated to resolve this specific issue: 23.2R2-S4-EVO, 23.4R2-S5-EVO, 24.2R2-S1-EVO, 24.4R1-S3-EVO, 24.4R2-EVO, 25.2R1-EVO, and all subsequent releases.

Workaround: A workaround for this issue is to refer to the prefix list either with the 'source-prefix-list' or the 'destination-prefix-list' match condition ('from').

Exploitation: Juniper SIRT is not aware of any malicious exploitation of this vulnerability.

References (1)

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .