Apache Camel JMS, Apache Camel CoAP, Apache Camel Google PubSub: Incomplete fix for CVE-2025-27636 in non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategies (camel-jms, camel-sjms, camel-coap, camel-google-pubsub) allows case-variant header injection

Description

The fix for CVE-2025-27636 added setLowerCase(true) to HttpHeaderFilterStrategy so that case-variant header names such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable' are filtered out alongside 'CamelExecCommandExecutable'. The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. This enables remote code execution and arbitrary file write on routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.0.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2, from 4.19.0 before 4.20.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2.

Timeline

Scores

EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)

2.1% · top 18% of all CVEs (7 Nov 2026)

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Critical 9.9.

Weakness

• CWE-178 Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity (opens in a new tab)All about CWE-178 and its CVEs

Affected products

• Apache Software Foundation · Apache Camel JMS

  • affected 3.0.0 – < 4.14.6
  • affected 4.15.0 – < 4.18.2
  • affected 4.19.0 – < 4.20.0

• Apache Software Foundation · Apache Camel CoAP

  • affected 3.0.0 – < 4.14.6
  • affected 4.15.0 – < 4.18.2
  • affected 4.19.0 – < 4.20.0

• Apache Software Foundation · Apache Camel Google PubSub

  • affected 3.0.0 – < 4.14.6
  • affected 4.15.0 – < 4.18.2
  • affected 4.19.0 – < 4.20.0

Affected packages

From reviewed advisories of the GitHub Advisory Database.

• Mavenorg.apache.camel:camel-coapGHSA-jg2m-9x48-3gvj (opens in a new tab)
• Mavenorg.apache.camel:camel-google-pubsubGHSA-jg2m-9x48-3gvj (opens in a new tab)
• Mavenorg.apache.camel:camel-jmsGHSA-jg2m-9x48-3gvj (opens in a new tab)
• Mavenorg.apache.camel:camel-sjmsGHSA-jg2m-9x48-3gvj (opens in a new tab)

References (6)

• https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-40453.html (opens in a new tab)vendor-advisory
• https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40453 (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
• RHBZ#2463173 (opens in a new tab)issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
• https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40453.json (opens in a new tab)x_sadp-csaf-vex
• https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19835 (opens in a new tab)vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
• https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17668 (opens in a new tab)vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

• CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
• CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
• NVD (opens in a new tab)
• FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
• OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
• GitHub Advisory GHSA-jg2m-9x48-3gvj (opens in a new tab)
• CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)

Badge for a README or a ticket

[![CVE-2026-40453](https://trackcve.app/badge/CVE-2026-40453.svg)](https://trackcve.app/cve/CVE-2026-40453)

Record last updated 15 Jul 2026, 01:01 UTC.